2. Definitions.- In these rules, unless the context otherwise requires - (a) "Act" means the Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment And Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 (27 of 1996); (b) "access" or "egress" means passageways, corridors, stairs, platforms, ladders and any other means to be used by a building worker for normally entering or leaving the workplace or for escaping in case of danger; (c) "approved" means approved in writing by the Chief Inspector of Inspections of Building and Construction of the Government; (d) "base plate" means a plate for distributing the load from a standard in the case of metal scaffolds; (e) "bay" in relation to scaffolds, means that portion of the scaffold between horizontal or vertical supports whether standards or supports from which the portion is suspended, which are adjacent longitudinally; (f) "brace" means a member incorporated diagonally in a scaffold for stability; (g) "bulkhead" means an airtight structure separating the working chamber from free air or from another chamber under a lower pressure than the working pressure; (h) "caisson" means an air and watertight chamber in which it is possible for men to work under air pressure greater than atmospheric pressure at sea level to excavate material below water level; (i) "cofferdam" means a structure constructed entirely or in part below water level or below the level of the water table in the ground and intended to provide a place for work that is free of water; (j) "competent person" means a person so approved by the Central Government or by the Chief Inspector of Inspections of Building and Constructions, who belongs to a testing establishment in India, possessing adequate qualification, experience and skill for the purposes of testing, examination or annealing and certification of lifting appliances, lifting gears, wire ropes or pressure plant or equipment; (k) "compressed air" means air mechanically raised to a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure at sea level; (l) "construction site" means any site at which any of the processes or operations, related to building or other construction work, are carried on; (m) "conveyor" means a mechanical device used in building or other construction work for transport of building material, articles, or packages or solid bulk from one point to another point; (n) "danger" means danger of accident or of injury or to health; (o) "decanting" means the rapid decompression of persons in a man-lock to atmospheric pressure at sea level followed promptly by their recompression in a decant lock, where they are then decompressed according to the appropriate decompression table in accordance with approved decompression procedures; (p) "Delhi" means the National Capital Territory of Delhi; (q) "demolition work" means the work incidental to or connected with the total or partial dismantling or razing of a building or a structure other than a building and includes the removing or dismantling of machines or other equipment; (r) "excavation" means the removal of earth, rock or other material in connection with construction or demolition work; (s) "false works" means the structural supports and bracing for formworks or forms; (t) "flashpoint" means the minimum liquid temperature at which a spark or flame causes an instantaneous flash in the vapour space above the liquid; (u) "frame or modular scaffold" means a scaffold manufactured in such a way that the geometry of the scaffold is pre-determined and the relative spacings of the principal members are fixed; (v) "Government" means the Lt. Governor as referred under clause (1) of article 239 AA of the Constitution; (w) "guardrail" means a horizontal rail secured to uprights and erected along the exposed sides of scaffolds, floor openings, runways and gangways to prevent persons from falling; (x) "hazard" means danger or potential danger; (y) "hazardous substance" means any substance which due to its explosiveness, inflammability, radio-activity, toxic or corrosive properties, or other similar characteristics, may- (i) cause injury; or (ii) affect adversely the human system; or (iii) cause loss of life or damage to property on work-environment, while handling, transporting or storing and classified as such under the national standards or in case such national standards do not exist to the generally accepted international standards; (z) "high pressure air" means air used to supply power to pneumatic tools and devices; (za) "independent tied scaffold" means a scaffold, the working platform of which is supported from the base by two or more rows of standards and which apart from the necessary ties stands completely free of the building; (zb) "ledger" means a member spanning horizontally and tying scaffolding longitudinally and which acts as a support for putlogs or transoms; (zc) "Lt. Governor" means the Lt. Governor of the National Capital Territory of Delhi appointed by the President under article 239 of the Constitution; (zd) "lifting appliance" means a crane, hoist, derrick, winch, gin pole, sheer legs, jack, pulley block or other equipment used for lifting materials, objects or, building worker; (ze) "lifting gear" means ropes, chains, hooks, slings and other accessories of a "lifting appliance"; (zf) "lock attendant" means the person in charge of a man-lock or medical lock and who is immediately responsible for controlling the compression, recompression or decompression of persons in such locks; (zg) "low pressure air" means air supplied to pressurize working chambers and man-locks and medical locks; (zh) "magazine" means a place in which explosives are stored or kept, whether above or below ground; (zi) "man-lock" means any lock, other than a medical lock, used for the compression or decompression of persons entering or leaving a working chamber; (zj) "material hoist" means a power or manually operated and suspended platform or bucket operating in guide rails and used for raising or lowering material exclusively and operated and controlled from a point outside the conveyance; (zk) "materials lock" means a chamber through which materials and equipments pass from one air pressure environment into another; (zl) "medical lock" means a double compartment lock used for the therapeutic recompression and decompression of persons suffering from the ill-effects of decompression; (zm) "national standards" means standards as approved by Bureau of Indian Standards and in the absence of such standards of Bureau of Indian Standards, the standards approved by the Government for a specific purpose; (zn) "outrigger" means a structure projecting beyond the facade of a building with the inner end being anchored and includes a cantilever or other support; (zo) "plant or equipment" includes any plant, equipment, gear, machinery, apparatus or appliance, or any part thereof; (zp) "pressure" means air pressure in bars above atmospheric pressure; (zq) "pressure plant" means the pressure vessel along with its piping and other fittings operated at a pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure; (zr) "putlog" means a horizontal member on which the board, plank or decking of a working platform are laid; (zs) "responsible person" means a person appointed by the employer to be responsible for the performance of specific duty or duties and who has sufficient knowledge and experience and the requisite authority for the proper performance of such duty or duties; (zt) "reveal tie" means the assembly of a tie tube and a fitting used for tightening a tube between two opposite surfaces; (zu) "right angle coupler" means a coupler, other than a swivel or putlog coupler, used for connecting tubes at right angles; (zv) "rock bolt" means a mechanical expansion bolt or a bolt used with cementitious or resin anchoring system which is set in drilled hole in the arch or wall of a tunnel to improve rock competency; (zw) "roofing bracket" means a bracket used in sloped roof construction and having sharp points or other means for fastening to prevent slipping; (zx) "safety screen" means an air and water tight diaphragm placed across the upper part of a compressed air tunnel between the face and bulkhead, in order to prevent flooding the crown of the tunnel between the safety screen and the bulkhead to provide a safe means of refuge and exit from a flooding or flooded tunnel; (zy) "safe working load", in relation to an article of lifting gear or lifting appliance, means the load which is the maximum load that may be imposed on such article or appliance with safety in the normal working conditions as assessed and certified by a competent person; (zz) "scaffold" means any temporarily provided structure on or from which building workers perform work in connection with building or other construction work to which these rules apply, and any temporarily provided structure which enables building workers to obtain access to or which enables materials to be taken to any place at which such work is performed, and includes any working platform, gangway, run, ladder or step-ladder (other than a ladder or step-ladder which does not form part of such structure) together with any guardrail, toe board or other safeguards and all fixings, but does not include lifting appliance or a lifting machine or a structure used merely to support such an appliance or such a machine or to support other plant or equipment; (zza) "Schedule" means a schedule appended to these rules; (zzb) "segment" includes a cast iron or precast concrete segmented structure formed to the curvature of the tunnel cross-section and used to support the ground surrounding the tunnel; (zzc) "service shaft" means a shaft for the passage of building workers or materials to or from a tunnel under construction; (zzd) "shaft" means an excavation having a longitudinal axis at an angle greater than forty five degree from the horizontal – (i) for the passage of building workers or materials to or from a tunnel; or (ii) leading to an existing tunnel; (zze) "shield" means a movable frame which supports the working face of a tunnel and the ground immediately behind it and includes equipment designed to excavate and support the excavated areas in a tunnel; (zzf) "sole plate" means a member used to distribute the load from the base plate or the standard of wooden scaffolds to the supporting surface; (zzg) "sound or good construction" means construction conforming to the relevant national standards or in case such national standards do not exist, to other generally accepted international engineering standards or code of practices; (zzh) "sound or good material" means material of a quality conforming to the relevant national standards or in case such national standards do not exist, to other generally accepted international engineering standards or code of practices; (zzi) "standard" means a member used as a vertical support or column in the construction of scaffolds which transmits a load to the ground or to the solid construction; (zzj) "standard safe operating practices" means the practice followed in building and other construction activities for the safety and health or workers and safe operation of machineries and equipment used in such activities and such practices conforms to all or any or the following, namely:- (i) relevant standards approved by Bureau of Indian Standards; (ii) national building code; (iii) manufacturer's instructions on safe use of equipment and machinery; (iv) code of practice on safety and health in construction industry published by International Labour Organisation and amended from time to time; (zzk) "steel rib" includes all steel beams and other structural members shaped to conform to the requirements of a particular tunnel cross section, used for the purpose of supporting and stabilizing the excavated areas; (zzl) "suspended scaffold" means a scaffold suspended by means of ropes or chains and capable of being raised or lowered but does not include a boatswain's chair or similar appliance; (zzm) "testing establishment" means an establishment with testing and examination facilities, as approved by the Government or the Chief Inspector of Inspections of Building and Constructions for carrying out testing, examination, annealing or similar other test or certification of lifting appliances or lifting gear or wire rope as required under these rules; (zzn) "tie" means an assembly used to connect a scaffold to a rigid anchorage; (zzo) "toe board" means a member fastened above a working platform, access landing, access way, wheel barrow run, ramp or other platform to prevent building workers and materials falling therefrom; (zzp) "transom" means a member placed horizontally and used to tie transversely one ledger to another, or one standard to another in an independent tie scaffold; (zzq) "trestle scaffold" includes a scaffold in which the supports for the platform are any of the following which are self-supporting, namely:- (i) split heads; (ii) folding; (iii) step-ladder; (iv) tripods; or (v) movable contrivances similar to any of the foregoing; (zzr) "tubular scaffold" means a scaffold constructed from tubes and couplers; (zzs) "tunnel" means a subterranean passage made by excavating beneath the over-burden into which a building worker enters or is required to enter to work; (zzt) "underground" means any space within the confines of a shaft, tunnel, caisson or cofferdam; (zzu) "vehicle" means a vehicle propelled or driven by mechanical or electrical power and includes a trailer, traction engine, tractor, road-building machine and transport equipment; (zzv) "working chamber" means the part of the construction site where work in a compressed air environment is carried out, but does not include a man-lock or medical lock; (zzw) "working platform" means a platform which is used to support building workers or materials and includes a working stage; (zzx) "working pressure" means pressure, in a working chamber, to which building worker is exposed; (zzy) "workplace" means all places where building workers are required to be present or to go for work and which are under the control of an employer; | 
